Fahimtar Fitarwar OCT/Pulse

1. Ma'anar da Ma'anar Asali

Fitar da OCT

• Maƙallin gani, wanda aka fi sani da opto - isolator, yana cikin zuciyar fitarwar OCT. Ya ƙunshi hasken infrared - mai fitar da diode (LED) da kuma mai canza hoto. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da siginar lantarki a gefen shigarwar maƙallin gani, LED yana fitar da hasken infrared. Wannan hasken sannan ya bugi mai canza hoto a gefen fitarwa. Mai canza hoto yana canzawa don mayar da martani ga ƙarfin hasken da ya faru. A cikin mahallin fitarwar OCT, ana amfani da fitowar lantarki daga mai canza hoto don isar da bayanai. Wannan fitarwa na iya kasancewa a cikin nau'in siginar dijital, wanda ko dai babba ne ko ƙasa, ya danganta da ko an haskaka LED ko a'a. Amfani da mai haɗa haske yana ba da keɓewar lantarki tsakanin da'irar shigarwa da fitarwa. Wannan keɓewa yana da matuƙar mahimmanci a aikace-aikace inda akwai bambance-bambancen ƙarfin lantarki mai yawa ko hayaniyar lantarki a gefen shigarwa wanda zai iya tsoma baki ko lalata fitarwa mai mahimmanci - na'urorin lantarki na gefe. Misali, a cikin tsarin rarraba wutar lantarki, inda ake sa ido kan siginar wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi, fitowar OCT na iya aika bayanai cikin aminci game da yanayin koma'aunidaga cikin waɗannan da'irori masu ƙarfi na wutar lantarki zuwa tsarin kula da ƙarancin wutar lantarki ko sa ido ba tare da haɗarin tsangwama na wutar lantarki ko gajerun da'irori ba.

Fitar da bugun jini

• Fitowar bugun jini tana nufin samar da jerin bugun lantarki daban-daban. Buga bugun jini canji ne na ɗan gajeren lokaci a matakin siginar lantarki, yawanci daga ƙasa zuwa ƙasa sannan a koma ƙasa. Halayen waɗannan bugun jini, kamar mitarsu (adadin bugun jini a kowane lokaci na raka'a), faɗi (tsawon lokacin babban ɓangaren bugun jini), da girma, suna ɗauke da bayanai. A cikin na'urori da yawa na aunawa, kamar mitar kwarara da mitar makamashi, adadin da ake aunawa ana canza shi zuwa siginar bugun jini mai dacewa. Misali, a cikin mitar kwararar ruwa, kowane girman ruwa na raka'a da ke ratsa mita na iya haifar da samar da bugun lantarki guda ɗaya. Ta hanyar ƙidaya adadin waɗannan bugun jini a cikin wani takamaiman lokaci, ana iya tantance jimlar yawan kwararar ruwa. Mitar bugun jini tana daidai da ƙimar kwarara, tare da ƙimar kwarara mafi girma wanda ke haifar da mitar bugun jini mafi girma.

2. Ka'idojin Aiki

Samar da Pulse bisa OCT

• A wasu tsarin, ana amfani da OCT don samar da fitowar bugun jini. Misali, a cikin hanyar sadarwa ta dijital tsakanin ƙananan tsarin lantarki guda biyu da aka ware, na'urar sarrafa micro a gefen aikawa na iya aika jerin siginar dijital. Ana amfani da waɗannan siginar don tuƙa LED a cikin mahaɗin gani. Yayin da na'urar sarrafa micro ke kunna siginar tsakanin manyan da ƙananan yanayi, LED yana kunnawa da kashewa daidai gwargwado. Na'urar daukar hoto a gefen fitarwa sannan ta samar da jerin bugun jini masu dacewa. Keɓewar wutar lantarki da OCT ta bayar tana tabbatar da cewa duk wani hayaniyar lantarki ko canjin wutar lantarki a kan da'irar aikawa ba ya shafar da'irar gefe mai karɓa. Wannan yana da amfani musamman a cikin mahalli mai yawan tsangwama na lantarki, kamar masana'antun masana'antu inda manyan injuna da sauran kayan aikin lantarki ke aiki.

Samar da bugun jini daga firikwensin

• A aikace-aikacen da aka yi bisa firikwensin, tsarin samar da fitowar bugun jini yana da alaƙa da yawan zahiri da ake ji. Ɗauki firikwensin ɗaukar maganadisu da ake amfani da shi don auna saurin juyawar shaft a matsayin misali. An tsara firikwensin don gano wucewar abubuwan maganadisu (kamar haƙora akan gear da aka haɗa da shaft). Duk lokacin da wani abu mai maganadisu ya wuce ta firikwensin, yana haifar da canji a fitowar firikwensin. Wannan canjin yana faruwa kuma yana siffanta shi zuwa bugun jini. Mitar waɗannan bugun jini yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da saurin juyawar shaft. Idan shaft ya juya da sauri, ƙarin abubuwan maganadisu suna wucewa ta firikwensin a kowane lokaci naúrar, wanda ke haifar da mitar bugun jini mafi girma. Sannan ana iya aika wannan fitowar bugun zuwa microcontroller ko wani na'urar sarrafawa don ƙarin sarrafawa, kamar ƙididdige saurin juyawa da nuna shi akan allo.

3. Aikace-aikace

Masana'antu Aiki da Kai

• A cikin tsarin sarrafa kansa na masana'antu, ana amfani da fitarwar OCT/pulse sosai. Misali, a cikin tsarin bel na jigilar kaya, ana iya amfani da na'urori masu auna kusanci tare da fitowar bugun jini don gano kasancewar da motsi na abubuwa akan bel ɗin. Duk lokacin da wani abu ya wuce firikwensin, ana samar da bugun jini. Ana iya ƙirga waɗannan bugun ta hanyar mai sarrafa dabaru mai shirye-shirye (PLC) don bin diddigin adadin abubuwan da ake jigilar su. Ana amfani da fitarwar OCT lokacin da waɗannan na'urori masu auna sigina ke buƙatar sadarwa da PLC yayin da suke kiyaye keɓewar lantarki, suna kare kewayen PLC mai mahimmanci daga hayaniyar lantarki ko ƙarar ƙarfin lantarki a cikin yanayin masana'antu.

Ma'aunin Makamashi

• A cikin na'urorin lantarki da iskar gas, fitowar bugun jini abu ne da aka saba gani. Ga na'urar auna wutar lantarki, ana auna yawan amfani da makamashi ta hanyar adadin watt - awanni da aka yi amfani da su. Tsarin cikin mita yana canza makamashin lantarki da aka auna zuwa jerin bugun jini. Da yawan amfani da makamashi, ana samar da karin bugun jini. Ana iya aika waɗannan bugun zuwa mai rikodin bayanai ko tsarin grid mai wayo don sa ido daga nesa da dalilai na biyan kuɗi. Amfani da fitowar bugun jini yana sauƙaƙa tsarin sadarwa kuma yana ba da damar haɗawa cikin sauƙi tare da wasutsarin gudanarwa na makamashi.

Kayan aiki da aunawa

• A cikin kayan aikin aunawa daban-daban, kamar oscilloscopes da mitoci na ƙididdigewa, ana iya amfani da fitarwar OCT/pulse don daidaitawa da canja wurin sigina. Misali, tushen daidaitawa na iya samar da siginar bugun jini daidai tare da mitoci da girma da aka sani. Ana iya aika waɗannan bugun zuwa kayan aikin da ake daidaita su ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa ta OCT don tabbatar da ingantaccen aikin aunawa. A cikin na'urar auna mita, ana ƙididdige siginar shigarwa, wacce za ta iya zama jirgin bugun jini daga firikwensin ko hanyar sadarwa, don tantance mitar siginar.